Overview

The Nigeria Tax Administration Act, 2025 is a comprehensive piece of legislation enacted by the Federal Republic of Nigeria to govern tax administration. Published in the Official Gazette on 26th June 2025, it spans from page A259 to A345. The Act outlines the objectives, application, jurisdiction, and registration of tax authorities. It establishes the legal framework for taxable persons, including federal, state, and local governments, non-resident persons, and the issuance, use, and suspension of Tax Identification Numbers (TIN). The Act covers returns, assessments, and payments for various taxes such as income tax for companies and individuals, upstream petroleum operations, value added tax (VAT), virtual assets service providers, and more. It mandates filing of returns, self-assessment, administrative and additional assessments, and sets penalties and interest for non-payment. Enforcement powers include access to lands and buildings, removal of documents, distraint, tax investigations, and recovery of tax debts. The Act also addresses tax avoidance, artificial transactions, exchange of information, joint audits, and refunds. It represents a major update to Nigeria's tax administration framework, aiming to improve compliance, transparency, and efficiency.

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